Review Article
Volume: 1 | Issue: 1 | Published: Jan 01, 2018 | Pages: 10 - 18 | DOI: 10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review
Authors:
Muhammad Umair
, Farooq Ahmad
, Muhammad Bilal
, Safdar Abbas
Article Info
Authors
Muhammad Umair
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Farooq Ahmad
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Bilal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Safdar Abbas
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Publication History
Received: October 19, 2017
Revised: November 23, 2017
Accepted: December 07, 2017
Published: January 01, 2018
Abstract
Syndactyly (Syn = together; Dactylos = digits) is the most common limb defect mostly characterized by webbing of digits. It may be webbing with or without bony fusion and inherited mostly in autosomal dominant manner, although also reported as autosomal recessive, X-linked or isolated entity. It also shows diverse clinical and phenotypic heterogeneity and mostly observed as unilateral or bilateral and symmetrical or asymmetrical forms. Syndactyly mostly occurs either as an isolated anomaly or as a part of a complex syndrome (+150 syndromes). Here, non-syndromic syndactyly has been classified according to genetic and molecular basis. The non-syndromic syndactyly has been classified into nine different types. Up till now, the major genes identified to cause hereditary syndactyly are mainly involved in the sonic hedgehog pathway and zone of polarizing activity. The present review mostly focuses on summarizing the recent advances in molecular genetics, including known genes and loci responsible for non-syndromic syndactyly. The present review will contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis underlying non-syndromic and syndromic syndactyly, improving clinical and molecular diagnosis; thus, making genetic counseling and prenatal testing easier in future. Keywords: Limb malformation, syndactyly, digit webbing, molecular genetics.
Keywords: Limb Malformation, Syndactyly, Digit webbing, Molecular genetics
Pubmed Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. JBC Genetics. 2018; 01 (January 2018): 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
Web Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. https://www.jbcgenetics.com/articles/2013 [Access: April 27, 2025]. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
AMA (American Medical Association) Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. JBC Genetics. 2018; 01 (January 2018): 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
Vancouver/ICMJE Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. JBC Genetics. (2018), [cited April 27, 2025]; 01 (January 2018): 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
Harvard Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas (2018) Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. JBC Genetics, 01 (January 2018): 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
Chicago Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. "Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review." 01 (2018), 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas. "Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review." 01.January 2018 (2018), 10-18. Print. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257
APA (American Psychological Association) Style
Muhammad Umair, Farooq Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal, Safdar Abbas (2018) Syndactyly genes and classification: a mini review. , 01 (January 2018), 10-18. doi:10.24911/JBCGenetics/183-1532177257